By Monique Hawkins


There are thousands of new small businesses created each year in the United States; some are successful, some are not. There is one element that greatly influences whether a new small business will have a successful outcome. The factor is a solid business plan.

The business plan should cover the business basics from goals to management, from marketing to operations. A business plan is a map for success, so don't go lightly on the details. A good business plan should include the executive summary, a definition of operations, an outline of the marketing strategy, and how the small business will be financially managed.

The Executive Summary

The executive summary should give a overview of the business and should include the following areas:

* A detailed description of the business and its goals

* Identification of the business ownership and the legal structure.

* Discussion of skills and experience the potential owner and partners (if applicable) bring to the business.

* Identification of advantages the business will have over its competitors.

The Business Operation

The business operation section should cover the daily happenings of the potential small business and should include:

* An explanation of how the business will be managed on a day-to-day basis.

* Discussion of hiring and personnel procedures.

* Discussion of insurance, lease or rent agreements, and issues pertinent to the business.

* What equipment will be necessary to produce the products or services.

* An Outline of the production and delivery of products and services.

The Marketing Plan

The correct marketing strategy is important for any small business. Getting the word out and building a customer base is necessary and essential. Therefore, the marketing plan should include:

* A description of the product or service of the business specializes in.

* Identification of the customer demand for products or services.

* Identification of the market, including its size, location and demographics.

* An explanation of how the product or service will be advertised and marketed.

* An explanation of the pricing strategy.

Financial Management

Effective financial management will also help determine how successful a potential small business will be. Therefore, important elements of this to include in the business plan are:

*Explanation of the source and amount of initial equity capital.

* Estimated start-up costs.

* Projected operating expenses.

* Development of a monthly operating budget for the first year.

* Development of an expected return on investment and monthly cash flow for the first year.

* Projected income statements and balance sheets for a two-year period.

* Discussion of a break-even point.

* Explanation the business owner's personal balance sheet and method of compensation.

* Discussion of who will maintain the accounting records and how the records will be kept.

* A provision of a "what if" statements that address alternative approaches to problems that may develop.

In addition to all of the essential elements of a business plan as outlined above, other important areas to consider when starting a small business are legal requirements as well as registration and accounting requirements.

Legal Requirements

All small businesses must comply with federal, state and local laws and regulations. Small business owners need to know the legal requirements affecting their business. Talking with an attorney can also be very helpful.

Registration Requirements

One can't just start a business without approval from their state; in other words, practicing without a license can result in all kinds of legal problems and can leave one vulnerable to law suits. It is always important to obtain a license or work certificate, a sales tax number, and to open a separate business account. Once the business grows to the point where employees are needed, then the small business owner is responsible for withholding income and social security taxes as well with complying with state laws covering employee health, safety, and minimum wage.

The U.S. Business Advisor has a site at http://www.business.gov. that assists small business owners in meeting the necessary requirements for their particular state.

Lastly, don't forget about zoning! Be aware of local towns and cities zoning requirements. If they are not followed, a small business can easily be shut down.

Careful planning by way of a business plan and ensuring that all legal requirements are met are important processes for any potential new small business owner. If done correctly, these essential elements can greatly impact the success of a new small business.

By Dr. Robert J. Lahm


There are some business models that are more accessible than others, to individuals who have little or no collateral, little or no cash, little or no entrepreneurial experience, little or no training, and little or no choice but to pursue an entrepreneurial dream without the benefit of resources which would ordinarily be nice to have. The purpose of this article is to briefly review some of the alternatives.

First, there are product oriented businesses versus service oriented businesses. In the case of the former, questions arise as to the source(s) of supply, how the inventory is to be managed, whether the product is perishable, and how the product is delivered into the hands of the customer. The business may need a substantial physical infrastructure. In the instance of a product like new cars, you need a lot, a parts department, service and cleanup capacity, and a sales, financing, and administration area. You will also need lighting, security, and other amenities to ensure that buyers have a sense of confidence in the business. If you’re selling ice cream, you need to keep it cold; this implies freezers and refrigerated trucks, perishibility, and substantial energy bills. If you’re selling clothes, you need display and storage space for a variety of sizes and styles. In all of these cases, you need the product itself in inventory. You might also wish to categorize this type of business as having one other similarity among others of like kind: these are “brick and mortar” businesses.

Service businesses may also require “bricks and mortar,” so just because a product is not physically stocked or otherwise identified as tangible, one must not jump to conclusions. A day spa, a bank, or a hotel, are all examples of service businesses that are also brick and mortar businesses. Generally speaking, brick and mortar businesses rely on a “place” where they must exist, and acquiring such a place requires capital. The “place” characteristics of a given business may carry great weight in the eyes of its customers or clientele. It should not be a surprise that many hotels and apartment complexes invest heavily in lobby and entrance areas when designing their facilities.

One might expect that professionals such as attorneys would charge significantly more, or less, simply judging by the type of offices in which their practices are located. Let’s compare two hypothetical situations. The first is the instance of an attorney whose office comes complete with marble floors, collectable paintings, and an attractive, albeit somewhat pouty, reception area representative. We could then compare this to another attorney, whose office is combined with an income tax service and a small engine repair business. The difference between the two is about $300 an hour. There’s a reason that high profile celebrity defendants hire so-called “dream teams” for representation: they get positive results.

Some businesses sell undifferentiated products or services. This means that the product or service offered by one business is the same, or substantially the same, as the one offered by competing businesses. A gallon of gasoline is probably a good example. (At the present time, it appears that every provider has the same goal: reap substantial profits from consumers.) One station may attempt to distinguish itself from another through slight pricing differences. Oil companies may proclaim “we do research to protect the environment with clean burning fuels that are better for your car"; but, a gallon of gas is a gallon of gas in the eyes of most consumers. Any slight price differences, auxiliary services such as clean rest rooms and a convenience store, and location largely determine where consumers will ultimately spend their money (in ever increasing amounts, it seems).

All business models require some form of promotion. The “person on the street” typically confuses terminology that is actually quite specific. The terms promotion, advertising, and marketing are often incorrectly used interchangeably, for instance. Marketing is inclusive of price, product, place, and promotion. A business can be promoted through word-of-mouth and referral; therefore, a good reputation and testimonials should be cultivated by any business. Some products require heavy paid advertising. “Paid” is the critical word here, in that it suggests that the advertiser has some choice in placing a message before a desired audience. By definition, advertising is paid, non-personal communication; ordinarily it is underwritten by an identified sponsor; it is meant to be informative, if not persuasive in nature. By far, most advertising is local, even though one might tend to first think of national advertisers and brands in an advertising recall test (a test of what someone remembers).

Another way to promote a product is through personal selling efforts. Some types of businesses use independent representatives for this purpose, because it makes sense. For example, suppose that one has a line of porcelain figures that are sold primarily through gift stores. However, as a small business, it would be hard to afford a staff of in-house sales representatives to call on thousands of gift stores nationwide. One could use a firm that represents several product lines (such as greeting cards, writing pens, and silver) and simply add the porcelain figurines to the list of products that might be presented to gift store owners and buyers during sales calls. In a small business, it is the management team’s job to make sure that someone is doing the selling. It helps if the owner is comfortable with this role, as his or her passion for the business can usually be leveraged. However, if you are a prospective business founder, and you are not comfortable addressing audiences one-on-one, in small groups, or behind a podium, you’d better enlist one or more individuals who are competent in this area, for the sake of your future success.

After reviewing more marketing and business plans than I can any longer count, I can just about bet that material under the heading “Promotion,” will be the Achilles’ heel in a majority of plans. Authors of these plans, who are often lacking adequate financial wherewithal, tend to sum up an entire treatise on promoting a proposed product, service, or business with: “We will use word-of-mouth to advertise [sic]…” Word-of-mouth is a fantastic way to promote, if is nurtured. A large “buzz” can be created with a great product that is professionally represented through an in-house sales force, or independent representatives. Companies selling encyclopedias, vacuum cleaners, and cosmetics were built through independent representatives who approached consumers directly. More recent examples have utilized network marketing, where an emphasis on building organizational teams has been made. Senior representatives’ roles are to mentor the development of new representatives.

There are labor and equipment intensive businesses, and there are knowledge intensive businesses. Either can be relatively easy, or relatively difficult for a competitor to duplicate. It all depends on the degree of investment and specialization necessary to get into a business. This concept also suggests that there are certain “entry costs” into a given line of business or industry, and these costs represent barriers that must be overcome. The opening statement to this article, where I outlined various “little or no” scenarios, should be reiterated here. You should find a business that meets the “little or no” test according to your set of circumstances. A personal service or consulting-type business is far less expensive to launch than a restaurant or a retail store. If you have speaking skills and a set of overheads and hand-outs, consider a training and development business. If you’re good at matchmaking, become a recruiter or a dating expert.

Most of my own prior business endeavors have been service oriented businesses that required some specialized knowledge. Building a clientele and personally servicing that clientele has been a central premise in each of these entrepreneurial instances. That has often entailed long hours, scheduling dilemmas, and few breaks in between: clients want what they want, when they want it, which, more often than not means “yesterday.” With the advent of the Internet, an entirely new realm of entrepreneurial opportunity was opened to me and millions of other would-be entrepreneurs around the globe. Recognizing some fundamental differences in business models, I registered the Internet domain name, “WebPreneurship.com,” along with numerous others.

The main difference in Internet business models has to do with the fact that one can create an online presence, with the capability to represent numerous types of products or services, many of which can be entirely transacted and delivered using the Web as a facilitator of that process. Digital products can be downloaded; physical products can be delivered through contracted fulfillment services. A related concept, known as drop-shipping, can allow an Internet business to overcome this latter obstacle as well. Drop-shipping means that when an order is generated on an entrepreneur’s Web site, the product supplier or manufacturer will receive the order and send the shipment directly to the consumer. There is a virtual presence facilitated by technology and strategic relationships, as compared to a physical presence with associated brick and mortar costs. Hence, my own working definition of “webpreneurship” began to take shape.

Information products such as electronic books and reports have also created yet another new term in our vocabulary, known as “infopreneurship.” Infopreneurship has to do with making a living (on the part of the infopreneur) by providing information of value. Prior to the advent of the Internet infopreneurs did exist, although they operated under a whole different set of constraints that had to do with the costs of advertising, mailing, shipping, printing, and other expenses that the Internet has largely eliminated.

Even those business types that cannot complete the full product or service creation, selling, and delivery cycle, can enhance their presence over the Internet. For example, you can’t get a haircut on the Internet, but you certainly can look at styling options, pricing and service options, and location information (including interactive maps and directions); subsequently, you can book an appointment time and date. Basic Internet businesses can be created at relatively low cost, and can be maintained with a flexible schedule, assuming that they are fully automated and sell a product such as information and reports as compared to one that requires a physical product to be shipped. An entrepreneur may exercise the drop-shipping or fulfillment services mentioned above, or handle this for him or herself in-house. Of course the latter situation, relative to business models, entails providing availability to customers that confines the entrepreneur to the business during its publicized hours of operation.

Franchises and business opportunities (including buying an existing business) provide one major advantage over other business ventures that are started from scratch: greater certainty derived from a formula that is “tried and true.” If you have no idea where to start, but you are trainable and ambitious with a few dollars to spend, consider a franchise. There are some franchises that use what amounts to a “promote from within” approach, favoring successful managers as candidates for franchise ownership (and providing a helping hand toward financing the franchise fees). Bootstrapping and sweat equity go hand-in-hand, and if you really want a piece of the action, there are individuals out there who are looking for partners—you could quite possibly earn your way into owning a share, or even all, of an existing business.

As for me, I have come to enjoy having multiple roles and avenues for personal as well as professional fulfillment. I teach entrepreneurship at a university, write, and engage audiences as a public speaker. I have invested in several Internet sites. I have created several of these sites myself, while others are turn-key sites. (A turn-key site is one where a system is already in place to provide a product or service as well as technical support, transaction processing, and customer service.) For instance, I have one site that provides Internet domain names, and that is a turn-key site which I purchased for less than two hundred dollars. I am also an independent consultant for a network marketing firm that offers consumable health, wellness and beauty products. A network marketing structure offers me the opportunity to develop, train, and mentor persons who are interested in growing a business opportunity. Meanwhile, as a continual learner myself, I can enhance my skills and knowledge and benefit from peers and individuals who have already blazed a trail before me.

Every business model implies trade-offs and unique characteristics as well as lifestyle choices. I enjoy teaching, but I also think that staying connected as an entrepreneur makes me a better teacher. I like to learn, so I am always pursuing new insights through casual as well as formal research (which I share through writing and speaking). I enjoy helping others, and teaching, mentoring, and guiding others is essential, to me. As a person of humble beginnings whose accomplishments have often been the result of starting from scratch, my most profound lessons have been acquired from the “school of hard knocks.” If I can smooth out someone else’s path, I’d like to do that. I also have enduring financial obligations, like most people, as well as responsibilities and love for friends and family members. Thus, any entrepreneurial decision has a direct impact on every aspect of my life.

In your own way and given your own set of circumstances, you will have to juggle to achieve your own unique entrepreneurial and lifestyle solutions. Before you take the entrepreneurial plunge, consider various business models and their implications completely. Your decisions will impact your life in ways that are to be considered just as seriously as the business models that you scrutinize. The right model will serve as a pattern for your fulfillment and success. Whatever you do, I suggest that you seek spiritual, emotional, and professional balance as a guiding light in your entrepreneurial journey. Making the right choices will enable you to find your “groove,” gain your freedom, and live the kind of life that you’ve always wanted, both on and off the entrepreneurial playing field.

By Mark Smock


“A needle in the haystack!” or “A diamond in the rough”, both popular saying’s apply to what’s involved in finding your ideal company to buy! Any seasoned business buyer will tell you that finding viable companies that can be purchased for reasonable terms is a “numbers game”.

Thousands of company purchase candidates defined, that lead to hundreds of contacts to be made, resulting in tens of acquisition conversations that hopefully lead to ONE company acquisition! Many merger and acquisition veterans will tell you “It takes 100 potential opportunities to get one good deal” … a numbers game.

At any point in the business buyer’s purchase process, for any number of valid or invalid reasons, either the business buyer or the business seller can call off the potential deal. Most potential business mergers and acquisitions pursuits do fall apart. The human and financial costs to both parties involved can be significant, sometimes devastating.

What Is a Business Buyer to Do?

From a business buyer’s perspective, there are four fundamental stages to finalizing a business acquisition: searching for a business, qualifying the business, valuing it and negotiating with the seller. This article will highlight how a business buyer can eliminate many of the major, common mistakes buyers make within these business purchase steps:

THE BUSINESS SEARCH STAGE:

As a business buyer you want to use as many means possible to position yourself to get the first shot at a viable business that can be purchased. Preferably your goal should be to find a purchase opportunity where you have no other purchase competition. Herein lies the most noteworthy justification for being as creative and diverse as you can be to locate acquisition candidates.

Often the more “creative” you are to find companies to purchase the quicker you’ll find the “right” deal. This is particularly true if you seek to locate quality candidate companies that are not officially “for sale”. The level of buyer competition is often most intense relative to quality companies who have NO KNOWN justification to consider a merger or acquisition offer. If the business owner has no compelling reason to sell, knows he has a company of extraordinary value, in great purchase demand, more often than not, only creativity will get you in front of that potential seller.

THE BUSINESS QUALIFICATION STAGE:

As a business buyer you not only need to know how to effectively qualify a business financially and non- financially, but you must present your financial and management capabilities to the business seller in a most professional manner.

Often business buyers have not prepared in advance a formal, written: resume’, identification and qualification summary of their “purchase team” or validation of their financial resources, to be provided to the business seller at introduction. To an owner of a quality business, getting this
information early in the mutual buyer/seller evaluation process is critical, especially if there are multiple buyer candidates.

THE BUSINESS VALUATION STAGE:

As a business buyer you need to know “what you don’t know”! Do not try to do everything yourself, especially if you are not familiar with the task requirements at hand.

When it comes to determining the market value of a business, a business buyer must hire a proven business valuation expert for two key reasons:

1) This step in the business purchase process can be very complex and warrants utilization of proven expertise, and

2) When it comes to presenting a market value to a business owner who has invested significant time and money to “build his baby”, you as a business buyer want to make sure the business valuation analysis and final valuation number comes from a “3rd party”. It is much easier to negotiate a purchase price with the business seller if you weren’t the same guy who established the opening “low ball” offer!

THE BUSINESS NEGOTIATION STAGE:

As a business buyer you essentially want to purchase controlling interest in a viable business for a fair price, with favorable purchase terms, financed with as much of other entity’s money as possible.

The negotiation portion of the business purchase process with the business seller, or their representative, is where most of this purchase objective can become a realization. Effective negotiation skills are not innate. They are developed, acquired and honed over many years of “verbal warfare”. Plan and practice you negotiation strategy prior to meeting with the owner and hire a professional if you have any doubt about your desired outcome. This is NOT the point in the business purchase process to start to minimize your acquisition costs!

The odds of a business buyer finding and effectively buying a quality business are against him before he even starts his business purchase program. Ultimately the business seller knows EVERYTHING about the business for sale but the business buyer theoretically only knows what he asks about or determines to be valid via his due diligence …”buyer beware”!

Buying a business is truly a numbers game … a game that can be consistently won if the business buyer truly understands his challenge at hand and has the discipline to know when to stop the purchase pursuit and utilize proven business merger and acquisition expertise.

By Charles Fuchs


Getting financing is often dependent on the quality of the business plan for your home based business. A business plan for your home based business is much like a map to how your business is going to run. This business plan for your home based business will allow investors or loan officers determine if your home based business is an appropriate risk for a loan. So, what goes into an effective business plan for your home based business?

The business plan for your home based business is normally divided into two main areas: a description of your business and finances. The first area covered in your business plan for your home based business involves the description of your business. After the cover sheet, you should have a statement of purpose in your business plan for your home based business. Then you should begin describing your business. In this description section of your home based business plan you should be prepared to discuss what your business will be doing, how you are planning to market the business, competition, how you are going to operate, and even business insurance.

The next section of your business plan for your home based business includes all of your financial data. The finance section of the business plan for your home based business covers any loan applications, capital equipment and supplies, a balance sheet, a breakeven analysis, and profit and loss projections. You should include a three year summary in your business plan for your home based business, plus monthly details for the first year and quarterly details for your second and third years.

An additional section to the business plan for your home based business includes all supporting documents like tax returns of principals and personal financial statements. If your are opening a franchise, you should include a copy of the franchise contract and other documents you have from the franchisor in the business plan for your home based business. Other documents like copies of licenses, legal documents, resumes, and letters of intent should also be included in the business plan for your home based business.

By Salim Omar


Have you ever wondered what the difference is between a business that consistently grows and another that struggles just to make ends meet? Or why a business that was started in a basement of a home can outperform some of the best-run “big” companies in sales and profits?

Two businesses, operating in the same marketing arena and selling the same products or services, can have extraordinarily different results. How can one business continually grow and prosper, while the other struggles? How can one business owner run a highly successful business while still spending a good portion of his or her time away from the business on trips and vacations with the family, and another owner work day and night only to see his business fail?

Such questions have always intrigued me. In my quest to answer them, I sought input from successful business owners. I became a student of business. I read every business book I could get my hands on. I enrolled in seminars and courses across the country. I listened to audio and videotapes of some of the greatest minds in business.

What I learned has been truly transformational. In this article, I will impart to you some of what I have learned. For the most part, there is no such thing as a successful or unsuccessful business; there are successful or unsuccessful people, entrepreneurs who run businesses. Becoming a successful entrepreneur requires a certain self-image, a certain mindset. I like to refer to this mindset as the

“5 Habits of Highly Successful Small Business Owners.”

Here they are:

Habit #1: Have a clear vision of their business, and commit their vision to paper

“A man to carry on a successful business must have imagination. He must see things as in a vision, a dream of the whole thing.”

Charles M Schwab, American stockbroker

The chances of your small business’ success improve substantially if you have a clear vision of what you want your business to look like, and what you want it to accomplish for you in the future. Your vision is your dream for the future of your business and it should delineate the path you will take to turn that dream into reality. You need a crystal-clear vision, one that you can communicate clearly, with vitality and a strong sense of commitment. Everyone involved in your business must comprehend your vision and, even more important, must believe in its success as much as you do.

Setting direction and guiding the business toward reaching your vision will make it successful. Vision is the owner’s business philosophy. It’s his “double vision” – his ability to keep the business’ long-term dream in mind while micro-managing the business on a day-to-day, hour-by-hour basis.

Successful entrepreneurs commit their vision to paper. In all my years in business, I have found that not doing so is the single most fatal error a business owner can make. There’s a direct correlation between having a well-thought-out, written vision statement and the success of your business.

Your vision should be a written statement of what your business will be when it is complete. It is a detailed picture of the future – what your business will look like, act like, smell like, feel like, and how it will perform when it is fully developed. Some of the things your written vision statement should include are: (1) the line of business you are in, (2) your company size, (3) the markets it will serve – demographics and psychographics, (4) the number of employees you will have, (5) the number of locations that you will operate from, and (6) what competitive advantages will differentiate your business from your competitors’.

Habit #2: Put the proper systems in place

You need systems to be able to deliver a product or service in a predicable and consistent way. All successful businesses have a “how we do it here” manual, also referred to as a “policy and procedures” manual. Standardize your procedures so that everyone knows what they are and how to do them. These procedures involve production systems for your products or services, systems to deliver those products or services, systems to track new customers or clients, systems to help you keep up with your finances, systems to hire and train new employees, and the list goes on.

Look at the systems that operate within the McDonald’s chain. A McDonald’s in the Bronx operates exactly the same way as a McDonald’s in Palm Beach. It runs just as predictably and profitably in either place. Why? Because there is absolutely no area in which procedures are not specifically spelled out through documented systems. Every procedure is outlined so clearly that anyone can be put into the system and taught to function at an extremely efficient level in a very short time.

Documented systems can make a difference to your own time, as a business owner. Without such systems in place, everything depends on you. If something happened to you, even for a short period, the entire business would be thrown into chaos. With properly documented systems of management and organization, a key employee (even you!) could leave suddenly, and the business would not suffer. You could replace the employee with minimal disruption. As new problems come up, you can adjust the systems you have in place to accommodate the needed changes.

If you set up the right systems from the start, they help run the business. You can be free to spend your time however you wish: more personal time for yourself, more time for your family, your community, and more time to enjoy a richer, more balanced life.

Habit #3: Know what they don’t know and then quickly get the help to fill the void

Most small business owners don’t realize that having an occupation or skill does not necessarily equate to building a successful business around it. It takes different skills to build a business. Let me give you an example. A personal friend of mine, John Chang worked as an engineer for 12 years before he started his own engineering firm. He was considered to be one of the best engineers in his firm before he went on to start his own engineering company. But John had never run a business before, and he did not have the knowledge and skill to operate his new company successfully, despite his engineering expertise. There is a lesson to be learned. The sooner you, the business owner, develop entrepreneurial skills, the sooner you will turn your expertise into business success!

You will need a number of different skills; financial, marketing, management, and customer fulfillment skills are among those required if you want your business to run like a finely tuned machine.

Can you imagine an athlete training for the Olympic competition without a coach? Of course not! Nor can you develop these skills without qualified help. A business coach will help you think in a new way, show you how to stay on track with your plans, and ultimately achieve your vision.

Habit #4: Have a mindset of preeminence

Preeminent (adj.): excelling others, outstanding.

The business owner has to have the mindset to view his business as a product – not the product or service he is producing, but his whole business as the product. It’s an entirely new way of thinking, and as soon as such thinking is adopted in any business, the business begins to make massive leaps forward.

As the business owner, you have to learn how you can give your customers or clients the best possible experience; to enable others to see your business as a trusted, valued, respected, and expert advisor. This mindset can be applied to any type of business. You have the responsibility and the obligation to provide guidance and direction to your customers, and to give them the best short-term and long-term outcome.

Many times, I have seen business owners make one simple, but momentous, mistake. Instead of “falling in love” with their customers, they fall in love with the size of the company, growth of the company, number of employees, or the market share. The way to greatness today is to transfer your ultimate passion away from products and services, and toward people! By doing so you will begin to look at your business as a whole, and any interaction that the customers have with any parts of your business, as part of an overall experience. If you as the business owner are focused on making it the best, most rewarding, most fulfilling, most enjoyable experience for the customer or client, you will dominate everyone else in your business sector.

A strategy of preeminence – of excelling – along with the approach of looking at your business as a whole, is truly transforming. If this is the only idea from these 5 habits that you take to heart and adapt and implement, you will see a significant improvement in your business.

Habit #5: Work on their business, not just in it

The successful small business owner understands the real value and reward that is derived from working on the business rather then just working in the business. She understands that working on the business means viewing her business as a whole. She sees her business made up of various parts that integrate seamlessly to function as a whole.

Working on, instead of “in” the business is strategic work. It is the way businesses transform themselves from vision into reality. It requires asking strategic questions and then doing everything to find answers to those questions.

Smart entrepreneurs do the necessary strategic work, and regularly ask the following questions:

What is my market share?

Who is my ideal customer?

Where is my industry headed?

Who are my competitors?

What are my competitive advantages?

What are other successful businesses in my industry doing?

How do they market their product or service?

What are other successful businesses outside my industry doing?

What is the “experience” my customers are having with my business?

What is the “experience” customers are having at my competitor’s place of business?

“Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.” --Albert Einstein

By Doug Firebaugh


So many people ask the same question: Is Multi-level Marketing a REAL Business? Is it truly a business that can produce a living and income? Is it a REAL distribution business? It is a business that operates for the customer's satisfaction, and always looks to gain new customers?

Here is the answer: YES.

How and why does it qualify as a business? Every business has certain traits and functions that are needed to do business and stay in business. We have developed what we call the "7 Business Factors Test", and you have to ask these questions to see if it qualifies as a business. All businesses, no matter whether it is a traditional business or a non-traditional business, (such as MLM), answer these questions in the affirmative.

What are the "7 Business Factors Test" Questions?

1) Does the MLM Business distribute goods and services of some type?

Answer: Yes.

In MLM, there are goods and services that are distributed through personal distribution methods, and they are distributed directly to the customer, with no middle man. These goods and services can be manufactured by the MLM company, but usually are not. The goods and services many times are manufactured by an outside source, and then shipped by the MLM Business to the customer or distributor. Then the distributor can take the goods, and re-sell them to their customers as well.

2) Does the MLM Business have an official Office, headquarters, or structure that the business is operated out of, and with an address of some type?

Answer: Yes.

All MLM businesses should have some kind of office or headquarters that the goods are shipped from, or at least in charge of the shipments getting to the customer. This does not have to be a fancy office, but one that can get all the tasks needed to run the business done in a timely fashion. They should have a visible address on all communication.

The distributor's business is usually operated out of the home, and that counts as a structure that the home business is housed.

3) Is there an accounting structure that is set up to run the business effectively and legally?

Answer: Yes.

All MLM businesses should have an accounting function and people set up to handle all business transactions. They not only keep the books for the MLM Business itself, but also the MLM distributor as well. The MLM Business from the home should have some form of an accounting system, for tax purposes, and for profit and loss statements. Accounting also helps keep the Company and distributor aware of the health of the business and how it is doing, or not doing.

4) Does the MLM Business have easy communication to get a hold of someone if needed?

Answer: Yes.

Communication is the lifeblood of any business, and MLM is no exception. MLM Businesses usually not only have an order line, and a distributor line, but a general public telephone number that the public can get in touch with them as well. Usually at the MLM Business Office, there is someone to answer the phone as well.

And the MLM business should also have an email system that is watched, and taken care of, on a daily basis. This is not only for the distributor base, but also the customers and public as well.

5) Does the MLM Business have the needed business licenses and legal structure to do business in the states and countries they operate in?

Answer: Yes.

All MLM Businesses that have been in business for any amount of time, must have the needed legal structure and licenses to operate in every state. If they do not, they will eventually be forced to cease doing business in that state. And most MLM Businesses have some form of a corporate structure that the company operates under. That could include being a C Corporation, an LLC, or a Sub S Corporation.

Even MLM distributor needs a business license to do business in their city, so they will not be penalized if they do not have one and are caught.

6) Does the MLM business operate on a FOR PROFIT basis?

Every successful business structure, traditional or non-traditional, should operate on a FOR PROFIT basis. Even the MLM distributor needs to operate on a FOR PROFIT basis. If the MLM business does not operate in a profit mode, and loses money continually, the MLM business will not be in business for that long.

It is the same way for the MLM distributor. If the distributor does not make any money, then they will not stay in business long.

7) Does the MLM business perform all of the needed business functions to increase business, including marketing, promotion, campaigns, running specials, advertising tools, customer service, brand extensions, research and development, direct marketing, increasing brand awareness, and keeping their vendors at an honest price?

Answer: Yes.

Every MLM business operates to increase business, using all of the functions mentioned, and more. Even the MLM distributor needs to perform some of those functions, to increase their own business in their marketplace. These are functions any business needs to do, in order to stay in business, and enlarge it's operating capacity.

Yes, an MLM Business is a TRUE business that operates to service the customer's needs, bring products and services to the marketplace, and show a profit at the end of the year.

MLM or Multi-level Marketing, has passed the "7 Business Factors Test." If an MLM Business you are considering does not answer all of the above questions YES, then you may want to consider seeking another MLM company that can pass this test as a Multi-level Marketing business.

By Dee Scrip


When you were younger, did you ever dream about having your own home business? Were you sidetracked somewhere along the way and now find yourself caught in the 40-40-40 rut?

40-40-40 Plan (Rut)

40 minutes going to and from work

40 hours of work per week

40 years of life spent working slaving away for someone else?

When things get unfairly tough at work, do you still dream about your own home business – what you would do, how you would run your own home business, how you would treat your employees, what kind of money you would make, what product you would sell? Then when you decide to make a change in your life, do you look for another 40-40-40 job, putting your dream of your own home business on the back burner again for more of the same?

Do you know the end results of the 40-40-40 plan?

1% are wealthy enough to retire in comfort

3% are barely able to survive

27% are dead

69% are dead broke

Do you want to be in the top 1% that is willing to do something about it now, before it is too late? Being a former Human Resource Manager, I knew these statistics all too well, and I decided to take preventative measures.

Since you are still reading this article, I am going to assume you are looking for a change, moreover, a change as quickly as possible. So, let me share some of the wisdom I have gleaned from looking for a home business opportunity.

The two major focal points when looking for a home business opportunity are ones that will:

· optimize your efforts and time

· produce optimal financial rewards

Below are seven simple criteria to consider when looking for a home business opportunity:

1. Look for a business opportunity that offers a product or service that is, or will be, used daily by every household and/or business…

Think about products or services in your house that probably everyone around the globe uses on a daily basis. For example, services such as utilities, communication, appliances, etc., or products such as shoes, clothing, soap, etc.

Now think bigger – a product or service used on a daily basis AND that would represent a paradigm shift. For example, a paradigm shift was created in global communication when Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. Before 1885, no one had a telephone, nor had they ever heard the word “telephone”. Today, how many people do you know that do not have a telephone or cell phone?

Another paradigm shift was created when the first flight was made by the Wright Brothers in 1903. Today, man has already stood on the moon. Make yourself a list of products or services in your house that you can research to consider for a business opportunity.

2. Search for a home business opportunity that offers a product or service that has a global market…

It’s a small world. Plain old common sense would tell you that a home business opportunity with a product or service that has a global market would produce warp speed revenue when compared to one that is only within a local, regional, or national area. For example, the revenue produced from Microsoft with a global market is light years greater than that of a local shoe repair shop.

In addition, as you research this global home business opportunity, you will want to make sure that you are not required to stock products. It is time consuming to order products, receive and send out the products, manage backlogs, etc., not to mention the additional costs out of your pocket for shipping and mailing. You also encounter product changes or upgrades that makes your stock obsolete. So, avoid these types of home business opportunities like the plague.

3. An absolute must! Find a home business opportunity that incorporates leverage in its pay plan…

A business opportunity that incorporates leverage in its pay plan provides the best of both worlds. Leverage is a relatively simple concept. The best example is probably Ray Kroc and McDonald’s. Ray Kroc set up franchises for McDonald’s that agreed to pay him 3% of their profits.

In essence, McDonald’s sits back and collects 3% of the profits resulting from others exerting their time and their efforts. Let’s say, just for discussion purposes, that Ray Kroc sold 100 franchises and each produced profits of $50,000 that year. 3% would have produced $150,000 for Ray Kroc, yet he personally exerted no effort or time himself. What he did do though was brilliant, as he applied leverage by selling franchises, and became quite a wealthy man as a result.

Leveraging your home business will minimize your time and effort while maximizing your financial rewards. In a relatively short period of time, your home business will take on a life of its own, and you will be on the fast track to healthy wealth.

To find a home business opportunity that will rocket you into financial freedom, the company should incorporate leverage, not only in their business plan, but also in their financial rewards, preferably on a weekly, monthly, and annual basis – one of which should be residual. Residual is important because you want some form of steady income that you can depend on.

4. Search for a home business opportunity with a company that has live 24/7 support available…

Perhaps you have experienced the nightmare of attempting to make an automated payment where you could not figure out which button to push next, or what they meant by their selection choices, and you were unable to talk to a real person to get your question answered. The frustration even compounds when there is a deadline involved for a continuation of service.

Repeat customers comprise 75% of businesses, and satisfied customers will be the main reason for their repeat business with you and your product or service. Even in this automated society, the person-to-person contact is preferred, at least by the customer. Therefore, your success is dependent upon a home business opportunity with a company that has live, warm bodied live support 24/7 – whether it is support you may need, or support your customer may need.

Another important aspect of a home business opportunity with a company that offers live support 24/7, is the global perspective. What is morning for you may be the next day for someone else on the other side of the globe. To be honest, I am hard pressed to think of an international company with live personal support. Locally, they are even hard to find! So, when you locate a global home business with a personal touch, you have found a true gold nugget.

5. Seek a home business opportunity with a company that has a proven success record…

A lot of people, and a lot of companies offering their business opportunity, will tell you anything they think YOU want to hear in order to separate you from your money. When you talk to someone about a home business opportunity – turn the tables. You interview them.

Don’t be afraid to ask the hard questions like what they are making on a weekly, monthly, or annual basis with their home business. Ask them how long they have been running their own home business. Find out how many hours a day, week, or month they spend working their business. Ask them to give you examples of how they market their home business. Especially important is to ask if they have to spend additional money for items such as business cards, advertising tools, etc.

An example of a company with a proven success record is Xerox. Although Xerox is not a home business, it has a proven success record. In fact, they were so successful that their name is not only an icon, but the name “Xerox” is synonymous with the word “copy”.

6. Look for a home business opportunity with a company that incorporates training from experts and other professionals…

The majority of people on the Internet do not know how to harness the power of the Internet and turn it into wealth machine for themselves. Most people do not know how to market a home business. Therefore, a home business opportunity with a company that incorporates professional, expert training, taking you from the basics thru the advanced stages of a marketing system, including how to use software programs, marketing tools, etc., is a virtual gold mine.

Since the majority of people on the Internet are not savvy with how to harness its power, a home business opportunity with a company that incorporates professional expert training is a definite requisite for success.

7. Look for a home business opportunity where the company works as a Team.

We all have our own weaknesses and strengths. We all like to have periods of “fun” when we work. When you have a business opportunity where the company works as a team, then your weakness may be a team member’s strength. For example, you may be detail oriented and have a harder time conceptualizing or seeing the whole picture. However, someone on your team may be the opposite. Combining your strengths will optimize your productivity.

In addition, we all have our “good” days and our “bad” days. Have you ever been around a negative person for any length of time? They pull you down too! If you have your own home business, you need to be upbeat and project a positive outlook at all times. So, when we have one of our “bad” days, it is always helpful to have someone from the team help to re-focus on the positive. Then when all are sitting around on the beach somewhere sharing war stories and battle wounds, everyone will have a good laugh.

By Andrea Hayhurst


Whether or not to start a home based business is probably one of the most important questions that you will ever have to answer. If you are even seriously pondering the question in the first place, then it probably means that there are circumstances in your life which are causing you to consider undertaking a venture which will have a significant and far reaching impact on your own life and on the lives of your immediate family memebers as well. Before you take a leap of faith into becoming a small business owner, there are a few areas of your life which will be impacted and which you should seriously consider before coming to any final decision as to whether or not a home based business is right for you.

FINANCIAL

Starting your own home based business can have many financial rewards and put you in control of your own financial future. However, there are a few things to consider before beginning your undertaking.

First, will you start your home based business on a part time basis and keep your day job until you are making enough profit to enable you to quit and devote your full attention to your business? Or would you rather quit your day job now so you can devote your full time and energy to building your business? There are pros and cons to both approaches and only you can decide which one you will feel most confortable with in the long run. If you have enough savings to meet your living expenses for a good six months to a year then it might be worthwhile to quit your day job to focus on growing your business. You'll see results a lot faster and that will give you the momentum you need to keep going. Starting a home based business requires a lot of up front work and if you are doing it on a part time basis it is easier to get discouraged when the results don't materialize as quickly as you had originally planned. On the other hand, having a full time income will enable you to spend more on your business without having to worry about meeting monthly living expenses.

You will also have to set a start up budget for your business as well. Any home based business will require some start up costs, even if they are only minimal at first. For example, if you are going to be doing business on the internet, you will need to register your domain name and pay a monthly fee to have your website hosted. Domain names can be registered for as little as $7.00 and monthly hosting can be obtained for a minimum of about $25.00. You'll also need to determine how much money you are going to devote to advertising your new venture. While there are some very good ways to advertise your business for free, eventually you are going to have to lay out some money to advertise if you hope to see the kind of profits that will make your online business worthwhile. While we are not talking about massive amounts of money here, a few hundred dollars would be a reasonable sum to get some quality advertising to promote your business and allow you to start making some sales which will generate even more cashflow to reinvest in your business.

PERSONAL

Most people who are interested in starting their own home based business cite personal reasons as one of their primary motivations. It seems that more and more people are getting fed up with corporate America these days and it's no secret that the average workday continues to get longer and longer, lunch hours become nonexistent, and the financial security that once came with retirement is no longer a reality for most people. Not only does having your own home based business put you in charge of your own financial future, it also allows you to start spending real quality time with your family. Most people are so exhausted at the end of a typical workday that just getting through dinner without nodding off is a real challenge. With a home based business, you control the hours you work and you automatically add at least one or two additional hours to your day that you would otherwise spend commuting to and from work.

Of course, getting your family adjusted to having you working from home may take some effort in the beginning. If you have very small children at home it can be a challenge to keep them out of your office while you are trying to get work done. If you are the primary caretaker, you will need to work in small spurts throughout the day while the kids are napping or watching a video and then put in a few hours after they go to bed for the night. Once they are in school, the routine becomes a lot easier because you can adjust your schedule around their schoolday and have most of your daily work completed by the time they get home from school.

Life can sometimes be a series of tradeoffs, so spending all that quality time with your family also means that you'll no longer have the social interaction that was once a part of your 9 to 5 routine. Now that you have a home based business, you will have to go out of your way to gain some of that same social interaction. Joining local small business organizations is a great way to make new friends, network and have your business become known in your local community. Alot of these organizations have weekly or monthly meetings with guest speakers at either a breakfast or afer work social event. In any case, socializing will now become a great way to network and spread word of mouth about your new business venture.

MOTIVATION

You have to be motivated to start any home based business. This motivation is twofold. I am talking here about both the internal drive to take action and get your business off the ground, as well as the vision you have in your head of what your business will eventually look like once it is established and what it is you want to accomplish with your business.

A home based business can bring many financial rewards, but alot of people will get discouraged with the up front work that is required to get any business off the ground. I have often heard an analogy used by folks who do business on the internet that I like a lot because I think it is so accurate. The analogy is that starting a home based internet business is like a rocket taking off. For those who are not NASA afficionados, a rocket apparently uses something like 80% of the energy that it will use during it's entire mission just during those first few minutes of liftoff. That momentum then helps carry it throughout the rest of it's journey. It's a lot like that with a home based business. It takes alot of up front energy, but one day you realize that the hardest part is over and you've created enough momentum to help make it easier from now on in. You have to have the motivation to get through those early days, otherwise you'll never create the kind of momentum that you need to see yourself through.

You're also going to need to identify your motivation in terms of what it is you want to accomplish with this business of yours anyway. Do you have a great idea or product that you want to promote? Most people actually don't, and that's okay. Selling your own product is often thought of as the most lucrative way to make money on the internet, but you can still make quite a bit of money by finding other people's products and promoting those as an affiliate. That means for every sale you make, you get a commission. And you can also generate residual income for yourself by recruiting other people to become affiliates under you. But no matter which way you go, you have to like what you're doing and what you're promoting. Starting a home based business will not bring the financial rewards you are hoping for if you are not doing something that makes you feel energized, excited, challenged and, perhaps most importantly, that you are providing a worthwhile benefit to those people who are buying your product or service.

Well, I certainly hope those few points have given you enough to ponder as you go through the process of deciding whether or not a home based business is right for you. I hope you come to the conclusion that it is, because there is no better way that I know of to take control of your own financial future. If you don't take the bull by the horns and do it for yourself, nobody else will. But don't forget to have fun along the way. Pick a home based business that you'll look forward to tending to day in and day out and that benefits other people in some way, and I promise you that the financial rewards will follow......

By Afra AmirSanjari


You are selling your small business (business value under $1 million for this article).
You would like the buyer of your business to come in with an all-cash offer, or be
able to qualify for an SBA guaranteed loan. However, in many cases the owner of the
business ends up taking back the financing because the buyer is not able to make
an all-cash offer or does not qualify for an SBA guaranteed loan. So you create a
“business note” and you now become the “bank”. At first that may seem okay, but
after a couple of years of receiving payments you may decide you want to get back
into business and you need the cash that is tied up in your business note on which
you are receiving payments. So now you want to sell your business note to raise
cash for your next business venture. What is it worth? That will depend a lot on how
you structured the note.

The objective of this article is to help you structure the
note so that it is more attractive to a prospective business note buyer.

Assumption: This article discusses the structure of a note that includes only the
business assets of a business. If a business also includes real estate that is being
sold at the same time as the business, that real estate should be sold in a
transaction that is financed separately from the business assets. This allows each to
be valued and financed in the most optimum manner. For example, it may be
possible to finance the real estate with a lower down payment, for a longer term,
with a lower interest rate, and without a personal guarantee.

The objective of a business note buyer or investor when buying future business note
payments is to minimize the risk of a default on the note. Therefore, they look for
specific things when evaluating the purchase of future payments from your business
note. Those include the following:

• buyer’s down payment

• number of payments made on the note (also known as “seasoning”)
• buyer’s credit history
• personal guarantee of the buyer
• total amount of payments being sold
• cash flow of the business and past profitability
• length of term of the note
• payment amount
• offsets
• lien position of the note
• amortization of the note
• experience of the buyer with the type of business purchased
• interest rate on the business note
• documentation of the business sale

Unlike the purchase of a piece of real estate, the tangible assets of a small business
may not be adequate to cover the amount due on the business note if the buyer of
the business defaults. Therefore, the business note buyer is looking for ways to
lessen the likelihood of a default. If there is a default on the note, the business note
buyer will require that the business buyer follow through on their personal
guarantee which secures the business note.

A cash down payment of at least 33 percent should be made by the business buyer.
This down payment should not come from borrowed funds. The reason for requiring
such a large down payment is to make it less attractive for the buyer to “walk away”
from the business if they encounter problems. If they have a significant amount of
their own money invested in the business, they may think twice about walking away
from the business when things get tough.

If the down payment was less than 33 percent, then the business note buyer will
require that the difference be made up by additional payments on the business
note. The business note buyer wants to see that the new owner of the business has
at least a one-third equity investment in the business between the combination of
cash down payment and payments made on the business note while operating the
business.

Business note buyers want to see that at least two monthly payments have been
made on the note by the new owner of the business. For new owners of professional
practices such as doctors or dentists, a larger number of paid monthly payments
will be required. This serves a couple of purposes. It should show that the new
owner is generating cash flow from the business. It also allows the new owner to see
if the business is meeting their expectations. As part of the “due diligence”
performed by the business note buyer, they will interview the new owner to see if
any problems exist that might lead to future problems making payments on the
business note. They will want to know if the new owner was “mislead” by the seller
of the business.

The buyer of the business should have a credit score of at least 600. A higher score
is required by the business note buyer when the value of future business note
payments being purchased reaches a certain level. Any “clouds” on the business
buyer’s credit history should not be current. These should have been resolved
before purchase of the business.

The business note must be personally guaranteed by the buyer. It cannot be
guaranteed by the company buying your business. Specifically, it cannot be
guaranteed by a person signing on behalf of the company. If there is a default, the
business note buyer will be coming after the personal assets of the individual(s)
making the personal guarantee. A personal financial statement for the buyer should
be obtained to verify that they have the necessary assets should it be necessary to
fulfill the personal guarantee.

The maximum amount a business note buyer will buy in a single transaction is
between $300,000 and $450,000. You can create a business note for more than this
maximum amount, but the business note buyer won’t buy more than their
maximum at one time. This means when the period is completed for which
payments have been sold any remaining payments will once again come to you. At
this point you will have the option of selling future payments again, if you want to.

The cash flow of the business must be adequate to service the note and provide
additional cash for the new owner to live on. The cash flow should be at least 1.25
times the amount required to service the note. The business should have been in
the same location for at least 3 years (4 years for restaurants and bars), and it
should have been profitable over that time.

The term of the note should not be longer than 72 months with 36 to 60 months
being preferred. You can create a business note for longer than the recommended
period, but a business note buyer will only buy the number of payments with which
they are comfortable. The objective is to minimize the risk to the note buyer. The
longer the term, the greater the likelihood that something will go wrong. The note
buyer is looking to minimize their risk because the note is not fully secured by the
assets of the business.

A key item related to the term of the note is the term of the lease of the space in
which the business operates. In order to avoid a major disruption to the business
due to a problem renewing the lease, the term of the lease should be at least as
long as the term of the business note.

The business note must be in first lien position. The business note cannot be a
second position lien behind a bank loan. If there is a default, the second position
lien holder may have a difficult time recovering their investment.

The business note should be fully amortized over its term. There cannot be a
balloon at the end because there is probably no way to refinance the balloon at the
end of the note term. If a bank was not willing to finance the original transaction, it
is unlikely that they would be willing to finance the balloon at a later date.(Notes:
Some business note buyers may accept a balloon if it can be amortized within 24
months using the same monthly payment used to pay the note. Other business note
buyers may buy payments up to a few months before the end of the note term, but
leave the balloon for the business note holder.)

The business note buyer wants to see that the new owner of the business has prior
experience running the type of business being purchased. This is especially
important for the purchase of a “high-tech” business or a professional practice. The
assumption is that someone with experience in the type of business has a better
chance of succeeding than someone without prior experience.

One of the biggest factors contributing to the discount that the seller will have to
take when selling the future payments is the difference between interest rate on the
original business note, and the yield required on their investment by the business
note buyer when they buy the future note payments. Therefore, the interest rate on
the business note should be set as high as possible while still allowing a monthly
payment that can be covered by the cash flow of the business for the term of the
note.

The deal is not done until the paper work is done. There are stories where people
documented the sale of a business on a napkin or restaurant place mat. That will
not be adequate if you have any thought of selling your business note in the future.
There are four main documents that should be produced. It is recommended that a
lawyer be used to help properly prepare these documents. The documents are listed
below.

UCC-1

chattel security agreement or chattel mortgage

promissory note

purchase agreement

The UCC-1 documents that the seller is holding a “perfected” lien on the business.
This document is filed with county government and is part of the public record. If
there is a default, this document indicates that the business seller will be first (after
tax liens) to receive proceeds from the sale of any business assets.

The “chattel security agreement” is a list of the tangible assets of the business. This
will usually be the furniture, fixtures, and equipment that are the tangible assets of
the business. The intangible assets are things like a loyal customer base that can be
lost if the new ownership does not provide the service received from the previous
ownership. The chattel security agreement does not become part of the public
record, but is necessary to document what the tangible assets were at the time of
the business sale.

If any vehicles are part of the security for the business, the title of the vehicles
should indicate that you are the owner of the vehicles so that the new business
owner cannot sell these vehicles without your knowledge.

The promissory note documents the details of the sale like value of the note at the
time of sale, the term of the note, the monthly payment, the interest rate, and any
other special terms such as late payment fees.

The purchase agreement ties the whole transaction together. It may contain
information that is not specifically contained on the other documents such as
provisions to provide periodic financial statements to the seller which could then be
made available to a prospective note buyer for evaluation.

The promissory note or the purchase agreement should not contain any “offset”
statements which would allow the business buyer to deduct from payments made
on the note due to problems running the business or problems with equipment
purchased as part of the business. If the promissory note or purchase agreement
does contain “offsets”, then the business note buyer will require at least 6 months
of seasoning to see if there have been any events that would activate the “offset”
provisions.

The following table summarizes the factors contributing to a business note that will
be more attractive to a prospective note investor.

Note Factor

Preferred Value for Note Factor

Buyer’s Down Payment

At least 33% in cash that was not borrowed

Minimum Number of Payments Already Made (Seasoning)

2 monthly payments (more are preferred and more are required for professional
practices) by the new owner

Buyer’s Credit History

Buyer must have a credit score of at least 600 with no recent “clouds” on credit
history

Personal Guarantee

Personal guarantee required (cannot be a person signing on behalf of corporation or
partnership)

Total Amount of Payments Being Sold

Maximum is $300,000 to $450,000 in a single transaction (note can be created for
more than this amount, but the maximum that can be sold at one time is $300,000
to $450,000)

Cash Flow of the Business

Cash flow should be at least 1.25 times the amount of the monthly payment on the
business note.

Length of Term of the Note

72 months maximum but 36 to 60 months is preferred (Note can be created for a
longer term but business note buyer won’t buy the payments beyond a certain
point.)

Lien Position of the Note

First lien position only

Amortization of the Note

Note must be fully amortized within the note term

Experience of the Buyer

The buyer should have prior experience in the type of business being purchased.

Interest Rate

As high as possible such that cash flow can support the required payment for the
term of the note.

Documentation For Sale

UCC-1

Chattel Security Agreement

Promissory Note

Purchase Agreement

Real Estate

Real estate that is part of the business should be sold in a separate transaction from
the business assets

Of course, a business note can be structured other than recommended above,
especially if the seller does not anticipate selling future note payments. However, if
the seller has any thought that they might want to sell future note payments, then
the seller should follow the above recommendations as much as possible.

If you have an existing business note or are in the process of creating one as part of
the sale of a business, and you are thinking about selling some or all of your future
payments on that note, then we can help you determine what an investor would be
willing to pay for those payments. Please contact us today for a free, no obligation
quote on the sale of your future business note payments.

By Joe Featherston


Every year, several thousand people develop an interest in "going into business." Many of these people have an idea, a product or a service they hope to promote into an in come producing business which they can operate from their own homes.

If you are one of these people, here are some practical thoughts to consider before hanging out the "Open-for-Business" sign.

In areas zoned "Residential Only," your proposed business could be illegal. In many areas, zoning restrictions rule out home businesses involving the coming and going of many customers, clients or employees. Many businesses that sell or even store any thing for sale on the premises also fall into this category.

Be sure to check with your local zoning office to see how the ordinances in your particular area may affect your business plans. You may need a special permit to operate your business from your home; and you may find that making small changes in your plan will put you into the position of meeting zoning standards.

Many communities grant home occupation permits for businesses that involve typing, sewing and teaching, but turn thumbs down on requests from photographers, interior decorators and home-improve ment businesses to be run from the home. And often, even if you are permitted to use your home for a given business, there will be restrictions that you may need to take into consideration. By all means, work with your zoning people, and save yourself time, trouble and dollars.

One of the requirements imposed might be off-street parking for your customers or patrons. And, signs are generally forbidden in residential districts. If you teach, there is almost always a limit on the number of students you may have at any one time.

Obtaining zoning approval for your business, then, could be as simple as filling out an application, or it could involve a public hearing. The important points the zoning officials will consider will center around how your business will affect the neighborhood.

Will it increase the traffic noticeably on your street? Will there be a substantial in crease in noise? And how will your neighbors feel about this business alongside their homes?

To repeat, check into the zoning restrictions, and then check again to determine if you will need a city license. If you're selling something, you may need a vendor's license, and be required to collect sales taxes on your transactions. The sales tax requirement would result in the need for careful record keeping.

Licensing can be an involved process, and depending upon the type of business, it could even involve the inspection of your home to determine if it meets with local health and building and fire codes. Should this be the case, you will need t o bring your facilities up to the local standards. Usually this will involve some simple repairs or adjustments that you can either do personally, or hire out to a handyman at a nominal cost.

Still more items to consider: Will your homeowner's insurance cover the property and liability involved in your new business? This must definitely be resolved, so be sure to talk it over with your insurance agent.

Tax deductions, which were once one of the beauties of engaging in a home business, are not what they once were. To be eligible for business related deductions today, you must use that part of your home claimed exclusively and regularly as either the principal location of your business, or the place reserved to meet patients, clients or customers.

An interesting case in point: If you use your den or a spare bedroom as the principal place of business, working there from 8:00 to 5:00 every day, but permit your children to watch TV in that room during the evening hours, the IRS dictates that you cannot claim a deduction for that room as your office or place of business.

There are, however, a couple of exceptions we will note to the "exclusive use" rule. One is the storage of inventory in your home, where your home is the location of your trade or business, and approval for your business, then, could be as sour trade or business is the selling of products at retail or wholesale. According to the IRS, such storage space must be used on a regular basis, and be a separately identifiable space.

Another exception applies to day care services that are provided for children, the elderly, or physically or mentally handicapped. This exception applies only if the owner of the facility complies with the state laws for licensing.

To be eligible for business deductions, your business must be an activity under taken with the intent of making a profit. It's presumed you meet this requirement if your business makes a profit in any two years of a five-year period.

Once you are this far along, you can deduct business expenses such as supplies, subscriptions to professional journals, and an allowance for the business use of your car or truck. You can also claim deductions for home related business expenses such as utilities, and in some cases, even a new paint job for your home.

The IRS is going to treat the part of your home you use for business as though it were a separate piece of property. This means that you'll have to keep good records and take care not to mix business and personal matters. No specific method of record keeping is required, but your records must clearly justify any deductions you claim.

You can begin by calculating what percentage of the house is used for business, either by number of rooms or by area in square footage. Thus, if you use one of five rooms for your business, the business portion is 20 percent. If you run you r business out of a room that's 10 by 12 feet, and the total area of your home is 1,200 square feet, the business-space factor is 10 percent.

An extra computation is required if your business is a home day care center. This is one of the exempted activities in which the exclusive use rule doesn't apply. Check with your tax preparer and the IRS for an exact determination.

If you're a renter, you can deduct the part of your rent which is attributable to the business share of your house or apartment. Homeowners can take a deduction based on the depreciation of the business portion of their house.

There is a limit to the amount you can deduct. This is the amount equal to the gross income generated by the business, minus those home expenses you could deduct even if you weren't operating a business from your home. As an example, real estate taxes and mortgage interest are deductible regardless of any business activity in your home, so you must subtract from your business' gross income the percentage that's allocable to the business portion of your home. You thus arrive at the maximum amount for home-related business deductions.

If you are self-employed, you claim your business deductions on Schedule C, Profit (or Loss) for Business or Profession. The IRS emphasizes that claiming business-at-home deductions does not automatically trigger an audit of your tax return. Even so, it is always wise to keep meticulously within the proper guidelines, and of course keep detailed records if you claim business related expenses when you are working out of your home. You should discuss this aspect of your operation with your tax preparer or a person qualified in the field of small business tax requirements.

If your business earnings aren't subject to withholding tax, and your estimated federal taxes are $100 or more, you'll probably be filing a Declaration of Estimated Tax, Form 1040-ES. To complete this form, you will have to estimate your income for the coming year and also make a computation of the income tax and self-employment tax you will owe. The self-employment taxes pay for Social Security coverage.

If you have a salaried job covered by Social Security, the self-employment tax applies only to the amount of your home business income that, when added to your salary, reaches the current ceiling. When you file your Form 1040-ES, which is due April 15, you must make the first of four equal installment payments on your estimated tax bill.

Another good way to trim your taxes is by setting up a Keogh plan or an Individual Retirement Account. With either of these, you can shelter some of your home business income from taxes by investing it for your retirement.